You should put cool water on a burn.
You ought to put cool water on a burn.
You had better put cool water on a burn.
Although all three have the meaning of should, "had better" is stronger because it implies a negative consequence if you don't follow the advice. Another difference is that usually ought to and had better are not used with questions.
Should I put cool water on a burn?
Ought I to put cool water on a burn?
Had better I put cool water on a burn?
There is a difference in the negative form as well. You can make a contraction only with the verb should, not the other two (see examples below). Also, note the position of the word not in the negative sentence below. The word not goes after should and had better but in the middle of ought to ("ought not to").
Negative Sentence Contraction
You should not put hot water on a burn. You shouldn't put hot water on a burn.
You ought not to put hot water on a burn. (There is no contraction.)
You had better not put hot water on a burn. (There is no contraction.)
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